Economics of Greenhouse Gas Limitations
Sectoral Assessments

ISBN: 87-550-2574-9 (Internet: 87-550-2575-7)

Table of Contents

Introduction
John M. Callaway, UNEP Center, Risø, Denmark

Chapter 1:  Introduction to the GACMO Mitigation Model
Jørgen Fenham, UNEP Center, Risø, Denmark
1.0    Introduction
2.0    A Description of the GACMO Model Inputs, Calculations, and Outputs
3.0    Examples using the GACMO model

Chapter 2:  Integration of Market Economics in the Assessment of Mitigation of Enteric
Methane Mitigation Options in Developing Countries
John M. Callaway, UNEP Center, Risø, Denmark
1.0    Introduction
2.0     Strategies for Reducing Methane Emissions from Enteric Fermentation
3.0    Background: Mitigation Opportunities in Developing Countries
3.1    Opportunities for Methane Mitigation
3.2    Barriers to Implementing Mitigation Options in Developing Countries
3.3     Screening Criteria
4.0    Methodology
4.1     Economic Methodology
4.2    Methane Emissions Methodology
4.3     Methodology Summary
5.0    Characteristics of the Base Case and Mitigation Option
5.1     The Base Case
5.2    The Mitigation Scenario
6.0     Results of the Analysis
6.1    Base Case
6.2    Mitigation Scenario
6.3    Mitigation Costs
References
Appendix A

Chapter 3:  Comprehensive Mitigation Assessment Process (COMAP) – Description and Instruction Manual
Willy Makundi and Jayant Sathaye, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, USA
1.1    Introduction
1.2    Previous Approaches to Mitigation Assessment
3.2    Brief Description of COMAP
2.1    Main Types of Mitigation Options in Forestry
2.2    Land Use and Wood-Product Demand
2.3     Scenarios
2.4    Key terms and Concepts used in COMAP
3.0    Flow chart of the Analytical Framework
3.1    Introduction of Modules
3.2    Forestation Options Module
3.3    Forest Protection Options Module
3.4    Biomass Supply and Demand Module
3.5    Comparison and Ranking of Forestry Options
4.0    Solved Examples of Mitigation Options
4.1    Example 1: Reforestation of Wetlands
4.2    Example 2: Forest Protection
References
Appendix A:    Estimating Net Present Value of Forests Managed in Perpetual Rotation
Appendix B:     Mitigation Options in Forestry

Chapter 4:  Methods for Analysing the Factors that Shape GHG Emissions in the Transportation Sector
Roger Gorham, World Bank, Washington, DC
1.0    Introduction
2.0 A Conceptual Framework for Understanding GHG Emissions from Transportation
3.0    The Components of Greenhouse Gas Emissions
3.1    Generation Rates of Transportation Events (Trips)
3.2    Distance per Event
3.3    Modal Structure
3.4    Vehicle Capacity Energy Intensity
3.5    Operating Conditions
3.6    Fuel Mix
3.7    Load Factor
4.0    Composite Indicators
4.1    Vehicle Ownership
4.2    Vehicular Travel
5.0    Conclusion

Chapter 5:    Policies for Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Transportation
Roger Gorham, World Bank, Washington, DC
1.0     Introduction
2.0    Transportation Policies to Reduce GHG Emissions
2.1    Policies to Alter the Cost of Fuel Consumption
2.2    Policies to Alter Other Costs of Motor Vehicle Use
2.3    Policies to Alter the Conditions of Road Traffic
2.4    Enhancements to Public Transport and Other Alternatives to Road Transport
2.5    Policies to Influence Vehicle Fleet Demand
2.6    Policies to Influence Vehicle Fleet Production
2.7    Policies to Influence the Built Environment
2.8    Policies to Influence Household / Firm Location Choices
2.9    Policies to Influence Public Attitudes toward Transportation
3.0    Conclusion

Transportation References: Chapters 4 and 5